Introduction Nutritional intervention refers to the deliberate use of dietary strategies and nutritional support to prevent, manage, or treat health conditions. It is a cornerstone of public health and clinical care, aiming to optimize nutrient intake, improve metabolic balance, and enhance overall […]
Introduction Musculoskeletal health refers to the proper functioning of the body’s muscles, bones, joints, tendons, and ligaments that enable movement, stability, and strength. It is an essential component of overall well-being, influencing a person’s ability to perform daily activities, maintain posture, and […]
Introduction Fractures are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries worldwide, representing a major public health concern due to their increasing incidence, especially in aging populations. The incidence of fractures refers to the number of new cases occurring within a defined population […]
Introduction Bone fragility is a significant global health concern characterized by a reduction in bone strength, leading to an increased risk of fractures. It is closely associated with conditions such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, and age-related bone loss. The skeletal system’s integrity depends […]
Introduction Preventive healthcare, often referred to as preventive medicine, focuses on avoiding diseases before they occur rather than treating them after onset. It emphasizes proactive health management through lifestyle modification, vaccination, screening, and early detection. In the 21st century, where chronic diseases […]
Introduction Hormonal changes refer to fluctuations in the levels of chemical messengers—called hormones—that regulate various physiological functions in the body. These hormones are secreted by endocrine glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and gonads. Hormonal balance is vital for growth, […]
Introduction Bone health represents a critical aspect of overall well-being, influencing mobility, strength, and quality of life throughout all stages of human development. Bones serve not only as the body’s structural framework but also as dynamic tissues that undergo continuous remodeling, contributing […]
Introduction Nutritional supplementation plays a vital role in maintaining and improving human health, especially when dietary intake is insufficient to meet nutritional requirements. Supplements provide essential vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, and other bioactive compounds that support physiological functions, enhance immunity, […]
Introduction Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures. It is a major public health issue, particularly in postmenopausal women and elderly men. According […]
Introduction Calcium (Ca²⁺) is an essential mineral that plays a fundamental role in numerous physiological processes, including skeletal mineralization, muscle contraction, nerve conduction, blood coagulation, and cellular signaling. The maintenance of calcium homeostasis is vital for life, and its balance depends largely […]