Mannitol A Multifunctional Sugar Alcohol in Medicine, Food, and Industry Introduction Mannitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol (polyol) widely utilized in the pharmaceutical, food, and medical industries due to its distinctive physical and chemical properties. Extracted from plants, algae, and fungi, […]
Sorbitol A Multifunctional Polyol in Food, Pharma, and Biotechnology Introduction Sorbitol, chemically known as glucitol, is a sugar alcohol (polyol) widely used as a low-calorie sweetener and humectant in various industries. Found naturally in many fruits, sorbitol is produced industrially by hydrogenating […]
Energy Transition Shaping a Sustainable Future Beyond Fossil Fuels Introduction The world is undergoing a profound transformation in how energy is produced, distributed, and consumed. This shift, known as the energy transition, involves moving away from traditional fossil fuel-based systems toward […]
Vehicle Emissions Understanding Their Impact and the Path Toward Cleaner Transportation Introduction In the age of rapid urbanization and mass motorization, vehicle emissions have emerged as a significant contributor to both air pollution and climate change. With over 1.4 billion vehicles on […]
Carbon Capture A Critical Strategy for Combating Climate Change Introduction Climate change, driven by the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, is one of the most pressing global challenges. Among various mitigation strategies, carbon capture has emerged as a pivotal […]
Introduction Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are invisible but powerful agents shaping Earth’s climate. Naturally present in the atmosphere, they trap heat and maintain the planet’s temperature within a habitable range. However, human activities have drastically increased the concentration of these gases, enhancing the […]
Fossil Fuels Powering Progress or Fueling the Planet’s Decline Introduction Fossil fuels have been the cornerstone of global industrial development for over two centuries. Coal, oil, and natural gas—formed from the decayed remains of ancient plants and organisms—have powered cities, fueled […]
Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. It is a major global health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide. If left unmanaged, diabetes can lead […]
Anemia Introduction Anemia is a common blood disorder characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen transport throughout the body. It affects people of all ages and can significantly impact overall health and quality of […]
Spectrometry Introduction Spectrometry is an analytical technique used to measure the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation. It plays a crucial role in various scientific fields, including chemistry, physics, biology, and environmental science. The technique helps in identifying substances, determining their composition, […]