Cardiovascular Outcomes Understanding, Importance, and Clinical Implications Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing a significant public health challenge. Cardiovascular outcomes refer to the range of clinical events and endpoints that reflect the health status […]
Myocardial Infarction Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management Introduction Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle (myocardium) is abruptly […]