Introduction Beta-cell destruction is a central pathogenic event in the development of diabetes mellitus, particularly in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and, to a lesser degree, in advanced type 2 diabetes (T2D). Pancreatic beta cells, located in the islets of Langerhans, are responsible […]
Introduction Disease susceptibility refers to the predisposition of an individual to develop a specific illness due to a combination of genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and immunological factors. While some individuals may remain resistant to pathogens or harmful stimuli, others exhibit heightened vulnerability, leading […]
Inflammation Introduction Inflammation is the body’s natural immune response to injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. It plays a crucial role in healing and defense against pathogens. However, chronic inflammation can contribute to various diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. Types […]