Introduction Academic performance refers to the level of achievement or success attained by students in their educational pursuits, often measured through grades, test scores, assignments, and other academic assessments. It is a multifaceted construct influenced by a combination of cognitive, behavioral, environmental, […]
Introduction Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specific populations, and the application of this study to control health problems. Epidemiological studies form the backbone of public health research, enabling scientists and policymakers to […]
Retrospective Cohort Study Design, Applications, Advantages, and Limitations in Biomedical Research Introduction A retrospective cohort study is a type of observational research design commonly used in epidemiology and biomedical sciences. Unlike prospective studies, which follow subjects into the future, retrospective cohort studies […]
Retrospective Cohort Study Design, Applications, and Significance in Epidemiological Research Introduction A retrospective cohort study is a powerful observational study design used extensively in epidemiology and clinical research. Unlike prospective studies, which follow participants into the future, retrospective cohort studies look backward […]